Product carbon footprint ISO 14067

       Introduction

       ISO 14067:2018 "Greenhouse Gas - Product Carbon Footprint - Quantification Requirements and Guidelines" is a globally unified authoritative standard for product/service carbon footprint accounting. Based on the principles of life cycle assessment (LCA), it provides a methodological framework for quantifying, reporting and communicating greenhouse gas emissions throughout the entire life cycle of products/services.

       This standard incorporates new requirements such as a lifecycle perspective, avoidance of duplicate calculations, and the selection sequence of scientific methods. It also includes emissions from biological carbon sources and direct/indirect land use change impacts (if significant), supporting various boundary setting models such as "cradle to gate" and "cradle to grave", and being flexible enough to adapt to different industries and application scenarios (such as market disclosure, supply chain compliance, carbon label certification, and addressing green trade barriers).

       Overview of the verification process

       ISO 14067 for the verification of carbon footprints of products and services focuses on the entire life cycle and is divided into four core stages, with a particular emphasis on controlling data quality and the consistency of accounting logic:

       Preparation stage: Objectives and scope definition: Clearly define the verification purpose, determine the model, specification and functional unit of the certified product/service, define the system boundary, mark the inputs and outputs of each stage, and formulate a data collection plan.

       Accounting stage: Data collection and quantification: Conduct a life cycle inventory analysis, collect primary data (such as enterprise records, supplier reports, etc.), and when primary data is unavailable, use authoritative secondary data (such as the Ecoinvent database, emission factors released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment);Select an appropriate calculation method based on standards, model using LCA software (SimaPro, GaBi), quantify carbon emissions in each life cycle stage, summarize to obtain the total carbon footprint of the product, and simultaneously conduct data quality assessment and uncertainty analysis.

       Verification stage: Document review and on-site verification: The verification institution reviews documents such as proof of data sources, life cycle models, and records of calculation processes, verifying the compliance of the calculation methods with ISO 14067;conduct on-site verification, visit production workshops, warehouses and other places, randomly check calibration records of energy consumption measurement equipment, authenticity of supplier data, consistency of production processes and calculation models, and require the verified party to make corrections and submit supporting materials to ensure the completeness of the verification evidence chain.

       Report and Continuous Improvement: After the verification is completed, the party being verified shall issue the "Product Carbon Footprint Report" in accordance with the standards.

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